Types and principles of vacuum furnaces

    Vacuum electric furnace is a kind of metal smelting equipment, mainly used for the production of new materials. Vacuum electric furnaces are divided into vacuum resistance furnaces, vacuum electron beam furnaces, vacuum electric arc furnaces, and vacuum induction furnaces according to different heating methods.

    Vacuum resistance furnace is a furnace that uses resistance to heat the workpiece or material, that is, under vacuum conditions, the resistance heat generated by the heater is radiated to heat the workpiece or material.

    The vacuum electron beam furnace uses an electron gun to emit high-speed electrons to smelt the material, convert electrical energy into heat, and melt the material.

    The vacuum electric arc furnace uses arc heat generated by arc discharge to melt materials. Connect the consumable electrode (the material to be smelted) to the negative crucible to the positive stage. When energized, an arc discharge occurs between the two poles. The positive ions hit the cathode (material), and the electrons hit the anode (crucible) to convert electrical energy into heat. The material melts.

    The vacuum induction furnace puts the material in a crucible with a coil. When the coil is supplied with an alternating current, an alternating magnetic field is generated, and an induced current is generated on the surface of the material. The resistance heat generated by the induced current will melt or heat the material.

(Huiputech)